Head and neck masses

Head and neck masses are lumps or swellings in the face, mouth, throat, salivary glands, thyroid, or neck. They may come from infection, cysts, benign growths, or cancer. A mass can be painless, and concerning changes may include growth, persistence, a nonhealing mouth sore, hoarseness, trouble swallowing, ear pain, nosebleeds, or unexplained weight loss. Any new or lasting lump deserves medical attention rather than self-diagnosis.

Evaluation is tailored to the location, duration, symptoms, and your health history. An ENT clinician may examine the mouth, nose, throat, and neck and, when appropriate, use a small scope, imaging such as ultrasound or CT, or a needle sample or biopsy to clarify the cause. Treatment may range from observation or medication for some conditions to removal or coordinated cancer care for others. Your consultation should explain what is known, what still needs testing, and which next step best fits your needs.