Tonsils and adenoids

Tonsils are tissue pads at the back of the throat, while adenoids sit behind the nose in the upper airway. When they become repeatedly infected or enlarged, they may contribute to sore throats, difficulty swallowing, nasal blockage, mouth breathing, snoring, disrupted sleep, or pauses in breathing. Tonsillectomy removes the tonsils; adenoidectomy removes the adenoids, and the procedures may be performed together when both areas are contributing to symptoms.

An evaluation considers your symptoms, infection history, sleep and breathing concerns, medical history, and an examination of the throat and nasal airway. Depending on the situation, an ENT clinician may discuss observation, medical treatment, a sleep study, or additional assessment before recommending surgery. If removal is appropriate, the consultation should explain expected benefits, alternatives, and risks—including bleeding, infection, anesthesia reactions, and temporary pain—so the plan reflects the patient’s age, health, and individual needs.